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Glossary

European Higher Education Area

This is the title of the so-called Bologna Declaration signed in 1999 by 31 ministers (or their representatives) from 29 countries. Currently, the European Higher Education Area covers 46 countries.
The Bologna Declaration contains an action plan aimed at creating a European Higher Education Area as a means to improve the international competitiveness and attractiveness of European higher education in the world and to ensure mobility and employability of students and graduates.

European Credit Transfer System (ECTS)

The European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) is the generalised basis for all the national credit systems in the European Higher Education Area.
ECTS is a learner-centred system for credit accumulation and transfer based on the transparency of learning outcomes and learning processes. It aims to facilitate planning, delivery, evaluation, recognition and validation of qualifications and units of learning as well as student mobility. ECTS is widely used in formal higher education and can be applied to other lifelong learning activities.